Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Business & Management Studies: An International Journal
Articles

Childbearing decisions of women working in the banking sector in Istanbul in the context of work–life imbalance: A qualitative study

Melis Soyer
Assist. Prof. Dr., Istanbul Nişantaşı University, Istanbul, Türkiye

Published 2026-06-25

Keywords

  • Work-Life Balance, Female Employees, Fertility Decision, Banking Sector, Career and Family Balance, Work-Family Balance, Management
  • İş-Yaşam Dengesi, Kadın Çalışanlar, Doğurganlık Kararı, Bankacılık Sektörü, Kariyer ve Aile Dengesi,İş-Aile Dengesi, Yönetim

How to Cite

Childbearing decisions of women working in the banking sector in Istanbul in the context of work–life imbalance: A qualitative study. (2026). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 14(2), 792-807. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v14i2.2757

How to Cite

Childbearing decisions of women working in the banking sector in Istanbul in the context of work–life imbalance: A qualitative study. (2026). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 14(2), 792-807. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v14i2.2757

Abstract

This research aims to examine the attitudes of women working in the banking sector towards having children and childbirth in the context of work-life imbalance. The banking sector significantly affects employees' work-life balance due to its intense pace, long working hours, and high performance expectations. This research examines the effects of these working conditions on female employees' fertility decisions. The study analyses how the workload, career expectations, and organisational working conditions of female employees in the banking sector affect their decisions to have children. The findings show that work-life imbalance can lead to female employees postponing or limiting their decisions to have children. Furthermore, it reveals that support mechanisms in the work environment and organisational policies play a significant role in enabling women to balance family and career. The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 12 female bank employees working in different banks in Istanbul. The research aims to contribute to the academic literature by identifying the factors influencing the fertility decisions of women working in the banking sector and to offer suggestions for developing work- family balance policies. In this context, the study presents findings that can contribute to the development of employee-friendly practices by institutions and the creation of sustainable policies that consider the societal demographic structure.

References

  1. Ahn, N., & Mira, P. (2002). A note on the changing relationship between fertility and female employment rates in developed countries. Journal of population Economics, 15(4), 667-682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001480100078
  2. Aksu, B. A. (2014). İşletmelerde kadın çalışanlara yönelik aile dostu insan kaynakları politikaları, iş-aile çatışması ve desteğinin iş doyumu ile ilişkisi (Master's thesis, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi (Turkey).
  3. Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: a review and agenda for future research. Journal of occupational health psychology, 5(2), 278. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.5.2.278
  4. Becker, G. S. (1992). A Treatise on the Family. Population and Development Review, 18(3), 563. https://doi.org/10.2307/1973663
  5. Bianchi, S. M., Milkie, M. A., Sayer, L. C., & Robinson, J. P. (2000). Is anyone doing the housework? Trends in the gender division of household labor. Social forces, 79(1), 191-228. https://doi.org/10.2307/2675569
  6. Bongaarts, J. (2017). Africa's unique fertility transition. Population and Development Review, 43, 39-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2016.00164.x
  7. Burke, R. J., & El‐Kot, G. (2010). Work engagement among managers and professionals in Egypt: Potential antecedents and consequences. African Journal of economic and management studies, 1(1), 42-60. https://doi.org/10.1108/20400701011028158
  8. Byron, K. (2005). A meta-analytic review of work–family conflict and its antecedents. Journal of vocational behavior, 67(2), 169-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2004.08.009
  9. Cabrita, J., & Eiffe, F. F. (2023). Hybrid work in Europe: Concept and practice.
  10. Clark, S. C. (2000). Work/family border theory: A new theory of work/family balance. Human relations, 53(6), 747-770. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726700536001
  11. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.
  12. Derks, D., Bakker, A., Peters, P., & van Wingerden, P. (2016). Work-related smartphone use. Computers in Human Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726715601890
  13. Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of applied psychology, 77(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.77.1.65
  14. Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of management review, 10(1), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.2307/258214
  15. Guest, D. E. (2002). Perspectives on the study of work-life balance. Social Science Information, 41(2), 255-279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018402041002005
  16. Herenz, D. S., & Rani, N. Work-Life Balance Challenges and Their Impact on the Lifestyle of Women Employees in Banks. https://doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2025.6.6.1274-1281
  17. Hochschild, A. (1997). The time bind Metropolitan Books. New York.
  18. Hsieh, H. F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative health research, 15(9), 1277-1288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687
  19. Kossek, E., & Ozeki, C. (1998). Work–family conflict, policies, and the job–life satisfaction relationship: A review and directions for organisational behavior–human resources research. Journal of applied psychology, 83(2), 139. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.83.2.139
  20. Matysiak, A., & Vignoli, D. (2013). Diverse effects of women’s employment on fertility: Insights from Italy and Poland: Diverses conséquences de l’emploi des femmes sur la fécondité: Quelques informations à partir des cas de L’italie et de la Pologne. European Journal of Population/Revue européenne de Démographie, 29(3), 273-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-013-9287-4
  21. Mills, M., Mencarini, L., Tanturri, M. L., & Begall, K. (2008). Gender equity and fertility intentions in Italy and the Netherlands. Demographic research, 18, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2008.18.1
  22. Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of applied psychology, 81(4), 400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.400
  23. OECD (2020). Work-Life Balance and Family Policies.
  24. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2023). Joining Forces for Gender Equality: What is Holding Us Back? Paris: OECD Publishing.
  25. Onur N., & Demirel, H. (2024). Investigation of Work-Family, Family-Work Conflict, Job Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction of Kitchen Staff According to Some Socio-Demographic Characteristics. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 12(2), 1162-1185. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2024.1430
  26. Sahara, S. (2025). Work-Lıfe Balance And Job Satısfactıon: Evıdence From The Indonesıan Bankıng Sector. Sumber Informasi Manajemen Bisnis Dan Akuntansi (Sımban), 2(2), 33-42.
  27. Shrestha, P., & Prajapati, M. (2024). Work-Life Balance of Women Employees in Banking and Insurance Industries. SMS Journal of Entrepreneurship & Innovation, 10(Issue-2), 12-24. https://doi.org/10.21844/smsjei.v10i02.30002
  28. Tisdell, E. J., Merriam, S. B., & Stuckey-Peyrot, H. L. (2025). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley & Sons.
  29. TÜİK (2023). Doğum İstatistikleri Raporu.