Cilt 14 Sayı 1 (2026): Business & Management Studies: An International Journal
Makaleler

Seçilmiş makroekonomik göstergelerin halka arz faaliyetleri ve yatırımcı katılımı üzerindeki etkisi: Borsa İstanbul örneği

N. Serap Vurur
Doçent Dr., Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Bolvadin Uygulamalı Bilimler Fakültesi, Muhasebe Finans Yönetimi Bölümü, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye

Yayınlanmış 25.03.2026

Anahtar Kelimeler

  • Halka Arz, Makroekonomik Faktörler, Binom Regresyon
  • Initial Public Offerings, Macroeconomic Factors, Binomial Regression

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Seçilmiş makroekonomik göstergelerin halka arz faaliyetleri ve yatırımcı katılımı üzerindeki etkisi: Borsa İstanbul örneği. (2026). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 14(1), 469-485. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v14i1.2723

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Seçilmiş makroekonomik göstergelerin halka arz faaliyetleri ve yatırımcı katılımı üzerindeki etkisi: Borsa İstanbul örneği. (2026). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 14(1), 469-485. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v14i1.2723

Öz

Halka arz faaliyetleri büyük ölçüde makroekonomik koşullardan etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, makroekonomik göstergelerin Türkiye’de hem halka arz edilen firma sayısı hem de halka arzlara yatırımcı katılım düzeyi üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir. Çalışma, Nisan 2010 – Mart 2025 döneminde Borsa İstanbul’da halka arz edilen şirket sayısı ile bu halka arzlara katılan yatırımcı sayısını, seçilen makroekonomik değişkenler çerçevesinde korelasyon analizi ve negatif binom regresyon modelleri kullanarak analiz etmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, hem halka arz edilen şirket sayısının hem de yatırımcı katılımının büyük ölçüde makroekonomik göstergelerle birlikte hareket ettiğini göstermektedir. Borsa işlem hacminin her iki değişken üzerinde pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi bulunurken, KREDİ/GSYH oranının halka arz edilen şirket sayısı üzerindeki etkisi negatiftir. Bu sonuçlar, Türkiye’de banka temelli finansman ile özkaynak finansmanı arasında ikame ilişkisi bulunduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bulgular ışığında, politika yapıcılara işlem maliyetlerinin azaltılması, yatırımcı tabanının genişletilmesi ve piyasa likiditesi ile derinliğini artırmaya yönelik politikaların geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Referanslar

  1. Akın, F. (2002). Kalitatif Tercih Modelleri Analizi, Bursa, Ekin Kitabevi.
  2. Akerlof, G. A. (1978). The market for "lemons": Quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. In P. Diamond ve M. Rothschild (Eds.), Uncertainty in economics (pp. 235–251). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-214850-7.50022-X
  3. Al Masud, A., & Uluyol, B. (2024). Investors' demand in Initial Public Offering (IPO): Shariah compliance, corporate governance, and macroeconomic factors. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-09-2023-0292
  4. Allen, F., & Faulhaber, G. R. (1989). Signalling by underpricing in the IPO market. Journal of Financial Economics, 23(2), 303-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(89)90060-3
  5. Ameer, R. (2012). Macroeconomic factors and initial public offerings (IPOs) in Malaysia. Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance, 8(1), 41–67. https://ejournal.usm.my/aamjaf/article/view/aamjaf_vol8-no1-2012_3
  6. Amihud, Y. (2002). Illiquidity and stock returns: cross-section and time-series effects. Journal of Financial Markets, 5(1), 31-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-4181(01)00024-6
  7. Angelini, E., & Foglia, M. (2018). The relationship between IPO and macroeconomic factors: a empirical analysis from the UK market. Annals of Economics and Finance, 19(1), 319–336. https://www.economics-finance.org/journal/AEF/AEF-Vol19-Issue12018/AEF19 0118.pdf
  8. Arslan, A. G., Colak, G., & Pirgaip, B. (2025). The impact of margin trading and regulatory policy on IPO underpricing: evidence from Türkiye. Borsa Istanbul Review. (25), 1012-1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2025.05.014
  9. Baker, M., & Wurgler, J. (2006). Investor sentiment and the cross‐section of stock returns. The Journal of Finance, 61(4), 1645-1680. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2006.00885.x
  10. Bernanke, B. S., & Gertler, M. (1995). Inside the black box: The credit channel of monetary policy transmission. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9(4), 27–48. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.9.4.27
  11. Brau, J. C., Francis, B. & Kohers, N. (2003). The choice of IPO versus takeover: Empirical evidence. Journal of Business, 76(4), 583–612. https://doi.org/10.1086/377032
  12. Cameron, A. C., & Trivedi, P. K. (2013). Regression analysis of count data (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  13. Çifçi, G., & Reis, Ş. G. (2020). Risk iştahı ile piyasa likiditesi arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi. Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 389-403. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.687595
  14. De Lima Amorim, D. P., de Camargos, M. A., & Ferreira, C. M. B. L. (2024). Macroeconomic factors and initial public offerings in Brazil. Global Business Review, 25(6), 1452-1469. https://doi.org/10.1177/097215092110036
  15. , A., & Levine, R. (1999). Bank-based and market-based financial systems: Cross-country comparisons. World Bank, Development Research Group, Finance. https://www.loc.gov/item/2023690877/
  16. Ernst & Young (EY). (2025). EY global IPO trends: Q3 https://www.ey.com/en_gl/insights/ipo/trends
  17. Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2002). Testing trade-off and pecking order predictions about dividends and debt. The Review of Financial Studies, 15(1), 1–33. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2696797
  18. Grinblatt, M., & Hwang, C. Y. (1989). Signalling and the pricing of new issues. The Journal of Finance, 44(2), 393-420. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1989.tb05063.x
  19. Gökpınar, F. G., & Sayılgan, G. (2025). An analysis of macroeconomic factors affecting long‑run price performance in initial public offerings on Borsa Istanbul. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 21(2), 779–797. https://doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.1501169
  20. Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2009). Basic Econometrics (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
  21. Gül, S., Yıldırım, S., & Hattapoğlu, M. (2024). Yatırımcı duyarlılığı ve BİST100 endeksi arasındaki ilişki: Toda Yamamoto nedensellik uygulaması. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(4), 1589-1616. https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1508532
  22. Güneri, Ö. İ., & Durmuş, B. (2020). Aşırı ya da eksik yayılım durumunda Poisson ve negatif binom regresyon modellerinin karşılaştırılması. Uluslararası Doğu Anadolu Fen Mühendislik ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2(1), 48-66. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ijeased
  23. Hilbe, J. M. (2011). Negative binomial regression (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  24. Jensen, M. C. (1986). Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers. The American Economic Review, 76(2), 323-329. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1818789
  25. Jensen, M.C., & Meckling, W.H. (1979). Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure. In: Brunner, K. (eds) Economics Social Institutions. Rochester Studies in Economics and Policy Issues, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9257-3_8
  26. Jovanovic, B., & Rousseau, P. L. (2004). Interest rates and initial public offerings (NBER Working Paper No. 10298). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w10298
  27. Islam, M. S., & Ahona, A. K. (2021). Macroeconomic factors and their influences on initial public offering (IPO) in Bangladesh. http://space.buft.edu.bd/handle/123456789/72
  28. Kinyuah, S. (2025). Drought in equity ınitial public offers in kenya: a demand perspective. Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies, 11(1), 37-48. https://doi.org/10.26710/jafee.v11i1.3276
  29. Korajczyk, R. A., & Levy, A. (2003). Capital structure choice: macroeconomic conditions and financial constraints. Journal of Financial Economics, 68(1), 75-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(02)00249-0
  30. KPMG Türkiye (2024). Halka arz piyasası özet raporu. https://kpmg.com/tr/tr/home/insights/2025/02/2024-yili-halka-arz-raporu.html
  31. Kumar, V., & Kumar, P. (2024). Impact of macroeconomic factors on initial public offer: An analytical study of investors' decision. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR), 6(1), 1–8. https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2024/1/13290.pdf
  32. Leland, H. E., & Pyle, D. H. (1977). Informational asymmetries, financial structure, and financial intermediation. The Journal of Finance, 32(2), 371-387. https://doi.org/10.2307/2326770
  33. Ljungqvist, A. P. (1995). The timing, pricing and long-term performance of initial public offerings (Doctoral dissertation, University of Oxford).
  34. Loughran, T., Ritter, J. R., & Rydqvist, K. (1994). Initial public offerings: International insights. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 2(2–3), 165–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-538X(94)90016-7
  35. Mahmutgil, İ., & Çinko, L. (2025). Davranışsal finans perspektifinde halka arzlarda yatırımcı duyarlılığı: yatırımcı kararlarının analizine yönelik bir uygulama. Kent Akademisi, 18(6), 3731-3756. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1668439
  36. Mehmood, W., Mohd-Rashid, R. & Ahmad, A. H. (2020). The variability of IPO issuance: evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange. Global Business Review, 24(5), 1025–1040. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150920929198
  37. Myers, S. C. (1984). The capital structure puzzle. Journal of Finance, 39(3), 575–592. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1984.tb03646.x
  38. Myers, S. C., & Majluf, N. S. (1984). Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have. Journal of Financial Economics, 13(2), 187-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(84)90023-0
  39. Nazlıoğlu, E. H., & Aydoğdu, A. (2025). Politika belirsizlikleri ve jeopolitik risk ile yatırımcı duyarlılığı ve riskten kaçınma üzerine bir araştırma: TVP-VAR yaklaşımı. EKEV Akademi Dergisi, (102), 78-100. https://doi.org/10.17753/sosekev.1615419
  40. Rajan, R. G., & Zingales, L. (2003). The great reversals: The politics of financial development in the twentieth century. Journal of Financial Economics, 69(1), 5–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(03)00125-9
  41. Rani, P., & Kaurmann, V. (2017). Contagion effect of macroeconomic variables on IPO listing activity: A time-series analysis in the Indian Context. International Journal of Business Management ve Research, 7(4), 47-52. https://www.ijfmr.com/publication-archive.php?volume=8veissue=2
  42. Riyath, M. I., Indunil Dayaratne, D. A., & Jahfer, A. (2025). Macroeconomic variables and initial public offerings in Sri Lanka: a principal component analysis approach. LBS Journal of Management ve Research, 23(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1108/LBSJMR-06-2023-0023
  43. Ritter, J. R., & Welch, I. (2002). A review of IPO activity, pricing, and allocations. The Journal of Finance, 57(4), 1795-1828. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6261.00478
  44. Rock, K. (1986). Why new issues are underpriced. Journal of Financial Economics, 15(1–2), 187–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(86)90054-1
  45. Rydqvist, K., & Högholm, K. (1995). Going public in the 1980s: Evidence from Sweden. European Financial Management, 1(3), 287–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-036X.1995.tb00021.x
  46. Seepeni, J. & Murthy, R. V. K. (2023). Macro-economic factors impact IPO investors' purchase decisions. Mukt Shabd Journal, 12(8), 1257–1267. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384561432_
  47. Thanh, B. N. (2020). Macroeconomic uncertainty, the option to wait, and IPO issue cycles. Finance Research Letters, 32, 101100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2019.01.012
  48. Tran, A. L.,& Jeon, B. N. (2011). The dynamic impact of macroeconomic factors on initial public offerings: Evidence from time-series analysis. Applied Economics, 43(23), 3187–3201. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840903493267
  49. Tobin, J. (1958). Estimation of relationships for limited dependent variables. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 24-36. https://doi.org/10.2307/1907382
  50. Ünal, S., & Karaarslan, S. (2024). Türkiye’de halka arzlar ve makroekonomik faktörler arasındaki ilişki. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(26), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.55589/bsbd.1557037
  51. Welch, I. (1989). Seasoned offerings, imitation costs, and the underpricing of initial public offerings. The Journal of Finance, 44(2), 421-449. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1989.tb05064.x
  52. Yaakob, H., & Halim, M. N. A. (2016). Initial public offering underpricing performance in malaysia (listed on main market). International Journal of Scientific ve Engineering Research, 7(12), 124-133. AFBE_2016_-_Initial_Public_Offering_UnderpricingPerformance_in_Malaysia_05_06_2016libre.pdf
  53. Yıldırım, G., Kaçıranlar, S., & Yıldırım, H. (2022). Poisson and negative binomial regression models for zero-inflated data: an experimental study. Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics, 71(2), 601-615. https://doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.988880