Karmaşık hisse senedi ağlarında finansal bulaşıcılığın modellenmesi: Grafik sinir ağlarına dayalı karar destek çerçevesi
Yayınlanmış 25.03.2026
Anahtar Kelimeler
- Financial Contagion, Financial Networks, Decision Support Systems
- Finansal Bulaşma, Finansal Ağlar, Karar Destek Sistemleri
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Telif Hakkı (c) 2026 Cevher Özden

Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Finansal piyasalar giderek daha fazla birbirine bağlı hâle gelmiş olup, belirsizlik dönemlerinde bulaşma etkilerinin hızını ve büyüklüğünü artırmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Borsa İstanbul hisse senedi piyasasında finansal bulaşmayı ve sistemik kırılganlığı incelemek amacıyla bütünleşik bir ağ temelli ve makine öğrenmesi çerçevesi önermektedir. 2023–2025 dönemini kapsayan 106 hisse senedine ait günlük logaritmik getiriler kullanılarak, korelasyona dayalı bir finansal grafik ağ oluşturulmuş ve Minimum Örten Ağaç yaklaşımı kullanılarak yapısal omurgası çıkarılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan topoloji, sistemik önemin sınırlı sayıda varlıkta yoğunlaştığı, merkez ağırlıklı bir yapıyı ortaya koymaktadır. Gelecekteki volatilite rejimlerini sınıflandırmak amacıyla bir Grafik Sinir Ağı kullanılmıştır. Model, örneklem dışı dönemde %65 sınıflandırma doğruluğu elde etmiş olup, bu sonuç ağ farkındalığına sahip öğrenmenin, izole zaman serisi modellerinde mevcut olmayan öngörücü sinyalleri yakalayabildiğini göstermektedir. Bulgular, finansal bulaşmanın piyasalar karmaşık ağlar olarak modellendiğinde hem yapısal olarak içkin olduğunu hem de öngörülebilir biçimde kullanılabilir nitelik taşıdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, tahmine dayalı derin çizge (grafik) öğrenimini gelişmekte olan bir piyasanın yüksek volatilite dinamiklerine uygulayarak; önceki yerel araştırmalarda hakim olan statik topolojilerin ve geleneksel ekonometrik modellerin ötesine geçmekte ve literatürdeki kritik bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır. Önerilen çerçeve, reel sektördeki bulaşıcılık merkezlerinin erken tespit edilmesini mümkün kılarak portföy yöneticileri ve makro ihtiyati regülatörler için pratik çıkarımlar sunmaktadır.
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