Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Business & Management Studies: An International Journal
Articles

Analysis of sustainable development indicators with artificial intelligence models

PDF (Turkish)
  • Nuh Okumuş
Nuh Okumuş
Dr., Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkiye

Published 2025-09-25

Keywords

  • Environmental Economy, Sustainable Development, Effective Q-Fuzzy Soft Set
  • Çevresel Ekonomi, Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma, Etkili Q-Bulanık Esnek Küme

How to Cite

Analysis of sustainable development indicators with artificial intelligence models. (2025). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 13(3), 1540-1549. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v13i3.2622

Copyright (c) 2025 Nuh Okumuş

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Analysis of sustainable development indicators with artificial intelligence models. (2025). Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 13(3), 1540-1549. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v13i3.2622

Abstract

Environmental degradation has long been a significant threat to humanity and all living species worldwide. Despite all efforts at the global level, this degradation process continues; Turkey, on the other hand, adopts sustainable development and green growth approaches as fundamental solutions to this problem. In this context, the key issue is how to manage or mitigate environmental degradation without compromising rapid and sustainable economic growth. This study analyses Turkey's sustainable development policies and practices. In the first stage, the literature on environmentalism, sustainable development, and green growth is addressed. Then, the current policies and practices in Türkiye are evaluated, and the discussion focuses on how the balance between environmental sustainability and economic development is established. Although Turkey has adopted ecological protection policies, it is striving to mitigate environmental risks without compromising its development objectives. As a result, the state develops various policies that consider the interests of different stakeholders to ensure sustainable development, and the importance of decision-making mechanisms increases in this process. Therefore, to determine the most appropriate environmental economic policies for Turkey, a new decision-making approach is proposed that offers holistic solutions to ecological problems and includes a comparative evaluation of alternatives.

PDF (Turkish)

References

  1. Adam, F. and Hassan, N. (2016). Multi Q-fuzzy soft expert set and its applications. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems,30(2): 943–950. https://doi.org/10.3233/IFS-151816
  2. Adam, F. and Hassan, N. (2014). Q-fuzzy soft set. Applied Mathematical Sciences,8(174): 8689-8695.
  3. Adam F, Hassan N. (2014a). Operations on Q-fuzzy soft set. Applied Mathematical Sciences,8(175): 8697–8701. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ams.2014.410866
  4. Adam, F. and Hassan, N. (2014b). Q-fuzzy soft matrix and its application. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1602: 772–778, doi: 10.1063/1.4882573.
  5. Adam, F. and Hassan, N. (2015). Multi Q-fuzzy soft set and its application. Far East Journal of Mathematical Sciences, 97(7): 871–881. http://dx.doi.org/10.17654/FJMSAug2015_871_881
  6. Alkhazaleh, S.and Salleh, A.R .(2011). Soft expert sets. Advances in Decision Sciences. 2011. article no. 757868. doi:10.1155/2011/757868
  7. Alkhazaleh, S. (2022). Effective fuzzy soft set theory and its applications. Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, 2022(1), 6469745. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6469745
  8. Atvur, V. (2022). Türkiye's Climate Policies in the Context of Sustainable Security. Bilig, 103, 59–93. https://doi.org/10.12995/bilig.10303
  9. Aydın, S. (2021). Environmental impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) from Turkish perceptive. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23, 7573–7580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00933-5
  10. Azam Khan, M., & Öztürk, I. (2020). Examining foreign direct investment and environmental pollution link age in Asia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11356-019-07387-x
  11. Bahçeci, H. I. (2018). Turkiye’de Cevreciliğin Tarihi- History of Environmentalism in Turkey eds. Burak Herguner and Eol Kalkan, Türkiye’de Çevre Politikaları-Enviremental Policies in Turkey, Nobel Yayıncılık, 2018, 45–62.
  12. Barry, J. (2014). Green political theory. In V. Geoghegan & R. Wilford (Eds.), Political ideologies: An introduction (4th ed., pp. 153–178). Routlege.
  13. Baykan B. G. (2013). Environmentalists in Turkey - Who are they? In Ulrike Dufner (Edt.), The Green Movement In Turkey. (Heinrich Böll Stiftung – Turkey Representation, pp. 8–11).
  14. Begüm, Ö., & Canel, C. (2016). Environmental sustainability and vision of Turkey. Journal of Business and Economics, 7(9), 1533–1542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05346-2
  15. Boyar, O. (2020). Anayasa ve Surdurulebilir Kalkınma- The Constitution and Sustainable Development. İstanbul Hukuk Mecmuası, 78(4), 1921–1957. https://doi.org/10.26650/mecmua.2020.78.4.0007
  16. Başer, Z., & Uluçay, V. (2024). Effective Q–Fuzzy Soft Expert Sets and Its Some Properties. Uncertainty Discourse and Applications. https://doi.org/10.48313/uda.v1i2.41
  17. Başer, Z., & Uluçay, V. (2024a) Effective Q-Neutrosophic Soft Expert Sets and Its Application in Decision Making. Algebraic Structures In the Universe of Neutrosophic: Analysis with Innovative Algorithmic Approaches, 147.
  18. Hazaymeh, A.A, Abdullah I.B., Balkhi and Ibrahim, R.I. (2012). Generalised fuzzy soft expert set. Journal of Applied Mathematics, Article ID 328195 doi: 10.1155/2012/328195
  19. Hassan, N. and Alhazaymeh, K. (2013). Vague soft expert set theory. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1522: 953–958, doi: 10.1063/1.4801233
  20. Hassan, N. and Alhazaymeh, K. (2013a). Generalised vague soft expert set theory, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1571: 970–974, doi: 10.1063/1.4858779
  21. Hazaymeh, A. (2024). Time Effective Fuzzy Soft Set and Its Some Applications with and Without a Neutrosophic. International Journal of Neutrosophic Science, (2), 129-29. 10.54216/IJNS.23021
  22. Maji, PK, Biswas, R, and Roy, AR (2001). Fuzzy soft sets. Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics, 9, 589-602. https://sid.ir/paper/653896/en
  23. Maji, PK, Biswas, R, and Roy, AR (2003). Soft set theory. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 45, 555-562. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0898-1221(03)00016-6
  24. Molodtsov, D (1999). Soft set theory—first results. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 37, 19 31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0898-1221(99)00056-5
  25. Okumuş, N. (2025). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Kapsamında Türkiye'de Çevre Ekonomisine Yönelik Yapılan Harcamaların Değerlendirilmesine Yönelik Yeni Bir Yaklaşım. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(1), 242-251. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1586355
  26. Roy, A.R, and Maji, P.K. (2007). A fuzzy soft set theoretic approach to decision making problems. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 203, 412-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2006.04.008
  27. Yang, X., Lin, T.Y, Yang, J, Li, Y, and Yu, D. (2009). Combination of interval-valued fuzzy set and soft set. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 58, 521-527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2009.04.019
  28. Uluçay, V., & Şahin, M. (2024). Intuitionistic fuzzy soft expert graphs with‎ application. Uncertainty discourse and applications, 1(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.48313/uda.v1i1.16
  29. Uluçay, V., & Okumuş, N. (2024). A new generalised similarity measure based on intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy multi-numbers: Turkey's sustainable tourism economy strategy application. Journal of Fuzzy Extension and Applications, 5(2), 238-250. https://doi.org/10.22105/jfea.2024.447222.1403
  30. Uluçay, V., & Şahin, N. M. (2023). Some harmonic aggragation operators with trapezoidal fuzzy multi-numbers: Application of Law. 2023 Neutrosophic SuperHyperAlgebra And New Types of Topologies, 202.
  31. Zadeh, LA (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and Control, 8, 338-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
  32. Zadeh, LA (1975). The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning—I. Information Sciences, 8, 199-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0255(75)90036-5